Charlotte Sedlock
Posts by Charlotte Sedlock
Commodity production drives roughly 27% of global deforestation1. This loss accelerates biodiversity decline, degrades soils, and undermines forests’ capacity to sequester carbon. In response, governments are increasingly turning to market-based environmental governance mechanisms to curb deforestation in global supply chains. Notable examples include New York State’s proposed Tropical Rainforest Economic & Environmental Sustainability (TREES) Act and the European Union Regulation on Deforestation-Free Products (EUDR).
The EUDR, expected to enter into force in December 2026, will require producers of deforestation-risk commodities to provide polygon-level evidence that their products are deforestation-free. While these policies are designed to advance environmental goals, they also raise urgent questions about equity and inclusion in global supply chains.
At the center of these concerns are smallholder farmers. Small-scale and family farms manage approximately 87% of the world’s agricultural land2. In many deforestation-intensive value chains—such as timber, beef, and palm oil—smallholders make up a substantial share of producers3-5. Yet these actors often lack the financial, technical, and administrative capacity to comply with stringent traceability and verification requirements. As a result, many fear exclusion from global markets as sustainability regulations take effect.
This raises a critical question: Will well-intentioned deforestation governance inadvertently reinforce existing social inequities by pushing smallholders out of global supply chains?
The EUDR, expected to enter into force in December 2026, will require producers of deforestation-risk commodities to provide polygon-level evidence that their products are deforestation-free. While these policies are designed to advance environmental goals, they also raise urgent questions about equity and inclusion in global supply chains.
At the center of these concerns are smallholder farmers. Small-scale and family farms manage approximately 87% of the world’s agricultural land2. In many deforestation-intensive value chains—such as timber, beef, and palm oil—smallholders make up a substantial share of producers3-5. Yet these actors often lack the financial, technical, and administrative capacity to comply with stringent traceability and verification requirements. As a result, many fear exclusion from global markets as sustainability regulations take effect.
This raises a critical question: Will well-intentioned deforestation governance inadvertently reinforce existing social inequities by pushing smallholders out of global supply chains?